Glossary of legal terms

Failure on the part of the administrative authorities to respond to claimants’ requests corresponding to an implicit/implied decision of approval/rejection.

Judicial decision to be taken:

1. to ascertains tardiness in the notification or depositing;
2. when there is a lack of interest or standing, or there are other reasons impeding a decision on the merits;
3. when there are new reasons impeding a decision supervene over the trial (for example: during proceedings arises the lack of interest of the parties in the decision).

A hearing (which is often an urgent one) in which the court hears only one of the parties to the proceedings. In common law it is called: “ex parte hearing”.

An order made by the court in the absence of one of the parties. In common law it is called: “ex parte order”.

Procedural order granted by the court, ex officio or at the request of the parties, in order to guarantee the effectiveness of the judicial decision, often by preserving, preventing or ensuring the rights and interests are preserved.

Procedure whereby, generally as a result of a court order, one party or the judge him/herself is allowed to visit the premises or property of either the other party or a third party for the purposes of gathering evidence (such as photographs of the scene of an accident).

Category of administrative measures which, in principle, do not have external effects (e.g. administrative action which manage or direct the affairs of an administrative body and which allocates tasks to specific units; acts guiding civil servants in interpreting the terminology used in a statute for the purpose of applying it to a specific case etc.).

Procedure whereby, often pursuant to a court order, one party is required to answer specific questions in writing, under oath or not as the case may require, in advance of the trial.

A Party added to the proceedings, generally by reason of court order.

Order issued by the court, also on the request of one of the parties, when it considers it appropriate that the trial be directed against a third party, orders the intervention.

If the ruling has not been brought against one or some of the parties against whom judgment has to be pronounced, they can intervene.